Ma module owonetsera opanda kanthu amawononga pafupifupi$5–$300, zida zachitukuko zokhala ndi matabwa oyendetsa zimawononga pafupifupi$10–$450, ndi zomaliza za e-zowonetsa pamapepala zimawononga pafupifupi$800–$2,500.
Gawo la inki 2.9-inchi-ndi $15. Chowunikira cha inchi 25 e-inki chimawononga $2,000. Izi si typo. Izi ndi zoona za msika wolamulidwa ndi kampani imodzi, yokakamizidwa ndi ma patent, ndi njala ya mpikisano.
The Price Landscape
Manambala enieni ndi odabwitsa m'mitundu yawo.
Pamapeto ang'onoang'ono-1.5" mpaka 2.9" mapanelopazalembo za mashelufu apakompyuta ndi masensa a IoT-mukuyang'ana $5 mpaka $20 pama module opanda kanthu, $10 mpaka $30 okhala ndi ma driver board. Mitengo yazinthu. Msika wa ESL wakwera kwambiri kuti izi zitheke.
The4.2 "mpaka 5.8" osiyanasiyanachimakwirira zovala ndi zowonetsera zazing'ono. Mitengo imakwera kufika pa $18–$45 pama module opanda kanthu, $25–$60 yokhala ndi ma driver board-idakali yokwanira pamapulojekiti ambiri.
mainchesi asanundipamene ogula ambiri amakumana koyamba ndi-inki. The Kindle Paperwhite. Mawonekedwewo adakonzedwanso pazaka khumi ndi zisanu. Uwu ndiye muyezo wa e{4}}owerengera, ndipo mitengo yake ikuwonetsa kukhwima kumeneko: $30 mpaka $65 pagawo, $45 mpaka $80 ndi board board. Osati otsika mtengo, koma osati mokwiyitsa. Mukulipira pafupifupi $5–$10 pa inchi imodzi pakukula uku.
Kenako phirilo limakwera kwambiri.
Mapiritsi akuluakulu amagwiritsa ntchito7.5" mpaka 7.8" mapanelo-a Kobo Sage, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Boox. Mitengo ya module imalumphira mpaka $70–$100, kapena $90–$130 ndi zida zamagetsi zoyendetsa. Mtengo{{7}pa-pa inchi uyamba kukwera. Pa10.3 inchi, akatswiri e-note territory, mukuyang'ana $100–$180 pagawo lokha. Onjezani bolodi yoyendetsa ndipo mwawoloka $130–$220. The reMarkable 2, Boox Note series{7}}onse amagwiritsa ntchito mapanelo mukalasili. Tsopano tadutsa $10-pa inchi imodzi ndipo tikupitirizabe.
The13.3-inch mapanelokhalani kumapeto kwa zomwe ogula ambiri amakumana nazo. Box Max. Fujitsu Quaderno. Zida zazikuluzikuluzi-zimagwiritsa ntchito mapanelo okwera $140–$280 pagawo, $180–$350 ndi zida zamagetsi zoyendetsa galimoto. Inchi iliyonse yowonjezera ya diagonal imakhala ndi phindu lalikulu.
Ndiyeno pali25.3-inch class-desktop e{1}}inki monitors, white whale wa e{2}}paper world. Mtengo wapakati wapakati umagunda $800–$1,200. Oyang'anira omaliza amagulitsa $1,500–$2,500. Zachuma pano sizomveka, koma tifika pamenepo.
Mtundu umasintha chirichonse.Zowonetsera zamitundu zimawononga 1.5 × mpaka 3 × kuposa zofananira zamtundu wamtundu uliwonse. Gawo la 13.3-inchi la Kaleido 3 lamitundu limagulidwa ndi $449 kuchokera ku shopu yovomerezeka ya E Ink-ndipo ndi gulu chabe. Makanema atatu amitundu yonse okhala ndi mitundu 50,000 amalipira ndalama zambiri, ngakhale mitengo yake sidziwika poyera.
Mitengoyi yayenda pang'onopang'ono m'zaka khumi. Mfundo yokhayo imakuuzani kuti chinachake chasweka.
Chifukwa E-Ink Imadula Zomwe Imawononga
E Ink Holdings, kampani yaku Taiwan, ikuwongolera95% ya msika wapadziko lonse-wowonetsa mapepala. Lolani nambala imeneyo ilowe mkati. Mtundu uliwonse. Aliyense Kobo. Aliyense remarkable. Box iliyonse. Aliyense Supernote. Ma shelefu amagetsi aliwonse m'sitolo yayikulu iliyonse, malo ogulitsa mankhwala aliwonse, mosungiramo zinthu zonse. Onse amagwiritsa ntchito mapanelo a E Ink.
Uku sikulamulira msika. Uku ndi monopoly.
Nkhani yochokera ku kampaniyi idayambira ku MIT's Media Lab m'zaka za m'ma 1990, pomwe ofufuza adapanga ukadaulo wapakatikati wa microencapsulated electrophoretic. Kampani ya spin, E Ink Corporation, idagulidwa ndi Prime View International ya ku Taiwan mu 2009. Zaka zitatu pambuyo pake, mu 2012, E Ink inatenga SiPix, yemwe anali mpikisano wake wofunika kwambiri panthawiyo. Chotsatira chake ndi chain chain yokhala ndi chokepoint imodzi.
Mukagula e{0}}chida chilichonse cha pepala kuchokera kwa wopanga aliyense, ndalama zanu zimapita ku kampani imodzi ku Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Patents zimapangitsa kuti monopoly ikhale yolimba.Patent yayikulu ya microencapsulated electrophoretic display, yomwe idasungidwa mu 1996, yatha. Mwachidziwitso, izi zikanatsegula zitseko za madzi. Aliyense azitha kupanga -zowonetsera mapepala pogwiritsa ntchito umisiri wofunikira.
Koma E Ink sanapume pazaka zotetezedwa zimenezo-zotetezedwa.
Kampaniyo imawononga pafupifupi$150 miliyoni pachaka pa R&D-pakati-pagawo la achinyamata lazachuma. Kwa opanga zowonetsera, izi ndizokwera modabwitsa. Samsung Display, ikugwira ntchito mokulirapo kwambiri, imawononga ndalama zochepa pakufufuza. E Ink's R&D mwamphamvu imapikisana ndi makampani opanga mankhwala.
Ndalama izi zimapanga zolemba zosalekeza za patent. Zosefera zamitundu. Mafunde otsitsimula mwachangu. Magawo apulasitiki osinthika. Kusiyana kwabwinoko. Kutentha-kuchepa. M'badwo uliwonse waukadaulo umabweretsa nzeru zatsopano. Chilichonse chatsopano chimawonjezera gawo lina ku linga.
Kutha kwa patent koyambirira sikunasinthe chilichonse. Mpandawu unangokulitsa makoma atsopano.
Opikisana nawo aliyense amene akufuna kulowa mumsika akuyenera kusankha: layisensi yaukadaulo wa Ink wa E Ink (ndi kuvomereza mphamvu zawo zamitengo), akhazikitse njira zina zomwe zimayendera masauzande ambiri a ma patent (okwera mtengo komanso owononga nthawi-owononga nthawi), kapena kuvomereza kuti malonda awo azikhala otsika paukadaulo (ndipo chifukwa chake sangagulitsidwe).
Palinso mchitidwe woipa womwe umapindulitsa wolamulira. Ndalama zonse zapachaka za E Ink zimazungulira pafupifupi $ 1 biliyoni. Izi zikuwoneka ngati zambiri mpaka mutaziyerekeza ndi msika wapadziko lonse lapansi, womwe umaposa $150 biliyoni pachaka. E-pepala limakhala ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka makampani owonetsera.
Msika wawung'ono umatanthauza kuchuluka kwazinthu zazing'ono. E Ink imagwiritsa ntchito nsalu zazing'ono poyerekeza ndi zida zazikulu za Gen 10.5 zomwe BOE ndi Samsung amagwiritsa ntchito kupanga LCD ndi OLED. Ma voliyumu ang'onoang'ono amatanthauza kuti palibe chuma chambiri. Ndalama zokhazikika zopangira-zipinda zoyeretsera, zida, ogwira ntchito zauinjiniya-zimafalikira m'mayunitsi ochepera.
Palibe chuma chambiri chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mitengo ikhale yokwera. Gulu la inki 6-inchi-limawononga $30–$60. Gulu la 6-inch LCD limawononga $3–$8. Njira zopangira zimagawana zofanana, koma kusiyana kwa voliyumu kumapangitsa kusiyana kwamitengo.
Mitengo yokwera imachepetsa kutengera. Makasitomala amayang'ana pa-zipangizo za inki, amaona mtengo wake kuposa njira zina za LCD, ndipo nthawi zambiri amasankha zotchipa. Opanga zida amachepetsa e{3}}njira zawo za inki chifukwa msika ndi wocheperako.
Kutengera pang'ono kumapangitsa msika kukhala wocheperako. Ndipo kuzungulira kukupitirira.
Uwu ndi msampha wodzilimbitsa womwe umatha pokhapokha ngati wina wayika ndalama zokwana madola mabiliyoni ambiri kuti afikire ndalama zambiri-kapena ngati kusintha kwakukulu kwaukadaulo kumapangitsa kupanga zinthu kusakhale kofunikira. Ngakhalenso sizinachitike. Komanso sizikuwoneka pafupi.
Kufananiza kwa LCD
Kusiyana kwamitengo pakati pa-inki ndi LCD kukuyenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino, chifukwa kukuwonetsa momwe mitengo ya e{1}}yamapepala yasinthira.
Pa kukula kwa 6-inchi{2}}-yowerengera muyeso-gulu la LCD limawononga $3 mpaka $8. Gulu la e-inki limawononga $30 mpaka $60. Ndicho8 × kuti 10 × umafunikaza e-pepala. Matekinoloje onsewa ndi okhwima. Onse amapangidwa pamlingo (ngakhale masikelo osiyana kwambiri). E-ndalama za inki sizingathe kufotokozedwa popanga zovuta zokha.
Pa mainchesi 10, mapanelo a LCD amatha $8 mpaka $15. E-mapanelo a inki amawononga $100 mpaka $180. Chiŵerengerocho chafika poipa kwambiri10 × kuti 12 ×. Mutha kugula ma LCD panel khumi pamtengo wa -panel imodzi ya inki.
Gulu la kukula kwa 25-kuvumbulutsa kupusa kwathunthu. Gulu la 25-inchi la LCD-lomwe lili mkati mwa ofesi yowunikira limawononga $40 mpaka $80. Pulogalamu ya e-inki ya 25 inchi imawononga $800 mpaka $1,200. Ndiwo a15 × kuti 20 × umafunika.
Chowunikira cha 25-inchi cha LCD chomalizidwa chikugulitsidwa pansi pa $100 pamalonda, kuphatikiza gulu, zida zamagetsi zoyendetsa, mpanda, magetsi, ndi malire a phindu. Makina omaliza a inchi 25 e-inki amagulitsidwa $2,000 kapena kupitilira apo.
Ukadaulo ndi wosiyana, inde. E-inki imafunika kupanga mafunde bwino lomwe. Njira yopangira imagwiritsa ntchito microencapsulation m'malo molumikizana ndi kristalo wamadzimadzi. Zokolola zitha kukhala zochepa, zololera zimakhala zolimba.
Koma kodi teknoloji 15 × ku 20 × zovuta kwambiri? Kodi ndi 15 × mpaka 20 × okwera mtengo kupanga pamlingo wofanana?
Ayi. Kusiyana kwamitengo sikulungamitsidwa ndi ukadaulo wokha. Zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kapangidwe ka msika. Kampani imodzi ikalamulira kagayidwe kazinthu ndipo sakumana ndi mpikisano, mitengo imawonetsa mphamvu zamsika, osati mtengo wopangira.
Ukadaulo Wamitundu: Kaleido, Gallery, ndi Spectra
Mtundu e-inki wafika, koma zokongoletsedwa zingapo zokhala ndi mikhalidwe yosiyana kwambiri komanso mitengo yamitengo.
Kaleido
Kaleidoikuyimira E Ink's mass-mtundu wamtundu wamsika. Ukadaulo umayika gulu lazosefera zamitundu (CFA) pamwamba pa wosanjikiza wakuda-ndi{3}}woyera e{4}}inki{4}}zofanana ndi momwe ma LCD owonetsera amapangira utoto, ngakhale ukadaulo wa pixel woyambira umasiyana kotheratu. Chotsatira:Mitundu 4,096 pa 150 PPIkusanja kwamtundu, ndi gawo lokhazikika la monochrome likadali ndi 300 PPI zakuda-ndi{2}}zoyera. Mawu amakhalabe akuthwa chifukwa amamasulira momveka bwino. Zithunzi zamitundu zimawoneka zosamveka komanso zochepera-chifukwa zimasefedwa kudzera mu CFA.
Mitengo yotsitsimutsa imakhalabe yovomerezeka kuti iwerengedwe-poyerekeza ndi mapanelo amtundu wa monochrome. Simudzawona kuchedwa kwakukulu mukatembenuza masamba kapena kusuntha mitundu.
Zogulitsa-ndi zenizeni. Mitundu imawoneka yotsukidwa poyerekeza ndi LCD kapena OLED. Machulukitsidwe ndi ochepa. Kusintha kwamtundu wa 150 PPI kumatanthauza kuti tsatanetsatane wamtundu wabwino umawoneka wofewa pang'ono. Kuwala kwadzuwa molunjika-e{7}}chinthu chakupha cha inki{8}}chachepa chifukwa chosefera chamtundu chimatenga kuwala.
Ma module a Kaleido 3 amawononga ndalama zambiri50-80% kuposakuposa mapanelo ofanana a monochrome. Gulu la 7-inch Kaleido 3 lingawononge $50–$70 pomwe gulu la monochrome limawononga $30–$40. Malipirowo ndiwofunikira koma osaletsa, ndichifukwa chake Kaleido adawonekera pazida zogula monga Kobo Libra Colour ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu ya Boox.
Zithunzi za 3
Zithunzi za 3ndi njira yosiyana kwambiri, ndipo imalamula mitengo yosiyana kwambiri. M'malo mosefa kuwala koyera pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana, Gallery 3 imagwiritsa ntchito makina anayi-pigment system-cyan, magenta, yellow, ndi white{4}}wolowetsedwa mu microcapsule iliyonse. Pixel iliyonse imakhala ndi ma pigment anayi, omwe amatha kusunthidwa kumalo owonera kudzera pamagawo osiyanasiyana amagetsi.
Palibe zosefera zamitundu zomwe zimafunikira. Zotsatira: pafupifupiMitundu 50,000 pazathunthu 300 PPIchiwonetsero chazithunzi zonse. Zithunzi zamitundu ndizowoneka bwino kwambiri kuposa Kaleido. Tekinolojeyi imayandikira zomwe mungatchule "zabwino zokwanira" zopanga utoto pazogwiritsa ntchito zambiri.
Kugulitsa-ndi liwiro. Kusuntha mitundu inayi ya pigment kupita pamalo ake enieni kumatenga nthawi. -Kukonzanso kwamtundu wonse kumatha kutenga masekondi 1.5. Mitundu yotsitsimula mwachangu ilipo koma perekani zolondola zamtundu. Simukuwonera kanema pa Gallery 3 zowonetsera. Simukuyenda bwino mu chikalata chamtundu.
Makanema a Gallery 3 amasungidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito kwambiri. E Ink samasindikiza mitengo, ndipo zomalizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito Gallery 3 sizimawononga ndalama zambiri. Koma umboni ndi woonekeratu pamitengo yamalonda: mapiritsi a e{4}}note ogwiritsira ntchito Gallery 3 amalamula $500–$800 ma premium pa zinthu zofanana ndi za monochrome zokhala ndi zofanana. A reMarkable 2 amawononga $450. Chida chofananira cha Gallery 3 chimawononga $900 kapena kupitilira apo.
Chithunzi cha 6
Ndiyeno paliChithunzi cha 6, yomwe imayang'ana msika wosiyana kwambiri: zikwangwani ndi zowonetsera zamalonda. Ukadaulowu umagwiritsa ntchito-kutulutsa mitundu isanu ndi umodzi kuchokera ku-pigment microcup achitecture inayi, yokonzedwa kuti ikhale-zowonetsa zazikulu zomwe zimasintha pafupipafupi. Ganizirani zikwangwani zotsatsira sitolo ya golosale, zidziwitso za pabwalo la ndege, malembo a mumyuziyamu-mapulogalamu omwe mukufuna mtundu, kukula, ndi ziro mphamvu zamagetsi pakati pa zosintha. Kukula kwamagulu kumafika mainchesi 75 mu 2025. Mitengo imayenda mu madola masauzande. Zogulitsa zimachitika kokha kudzera mumayendedwe a B2B okhala ndi makontrakitala omwe akambirana, kudzipereka kwa voliyumu, ndi ntchito zophatikizira mwachizolowezi.
Ngati mukuwerenga nkhaniyi mukuyesera kudziwa momwe mungagulire gulu la Spectra 6 la polojekiti yanu, yankho ndilakuti: mwina simungathe, ndipo simungakwanitse.
Zomwe Ogula Osiyanasiyana Amalipiradi
Msika wa e-inki umathandiza ogula osiyanasiyana pamitengo yosiyana kwambiri. Kumene mukukhala mu utsogoleri kumatsimikizira zomwe mumalipira.
Hobbyist / Maker Tier
Ngati mukudzipangira pulojekiti yanu-chiwonetsero chanzeru chakunyumba, e{1}}pa siteshoni yanyengo, makina oyika zojambulajambula{2}}mukugula zinthu ku Waveshare, Adafruit, Good Display, kapena AliExpress. Zomwe mumagula: zida zachitukuko za 2.9" mpaka 7.5" zokhala ndi bolodi yoyendetsa, zingwe za riboni, ndi ma code code. Mtengo wamtengo:$ 15 mpaka $ 120kutengera kukula ndi mawonekedwe.
Kuwona zenizeni: mukulipira mitengo yamalonda ndikuyika kwathunthu. Aliyense wapakati amadula. Waveshare amagula mapanelo kuchokera ku E Ink (kapena ogawa ovomerezeka), amawonjezera zida zamagetsi zoyendetsa, amalemba zolemba, amayang'anira kutumiza, ndikupereka chithandizo kwa makasitomala. Zonsezi zimawononga ndalama.
Zida zamitundu itatu za Waveshare 7.5-inchi zimawononga $50–$90 kutengera komwe mwagula. Gulu lomwelo, likagulidwa ndi Amazon mu mamiliyoni ambiri, mwina limawononga ndalama zosakwana $20 kuphatikiza zida zamagetsi zoyendetsa. Mukulipira 3 × mpaka 4 × premium kuti mukhale ndi mwayi wogula unit imodzi panthawi.
Izi si zachilungamo-zochepa{1}}kugawa kuchuluka kuli ndi ndalama zenizeni. Koma zikutanthauza kuti hobbyist bajeti amadyedwa mwamsanga. Kupanga -panelo e{5}}dashboard ya inki inayi kungawononge $300 pamapanelo okha.
Gawo Laling'ono Lopanga
Mukaitanitsa mayunitsi 100–1,000 a ma prototyping kapena ang'onoang'ono-opanga, masewerawa amasintha. Mukugwira ntchito kudzera mwa ogulitsa, ogulitsa Alibaba, kapena kuyesa kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi fakitale. Mitengo nthawi zambiri imayenda20-40% pansi pa malondapa mabuku awa. Gulu lomwe limawononga $ 60 pa Waveshare litha kupezeka pa $40–$45 kudzera paubale wogawa.
Koma zenizeni zimakhala zovuta. Ma Quote amafuna ma NDA-otsatsa safuna kuti opikisana nawo adziwe mitengo yawo. Kuchuluka kwa madongosolo ocheperako kumapangitsa zolepheretsa: mungafunike kudzipereka ku mayunitsi 500 kuti mupeze mtengo wabwino, koma mumangofunika 200 kuti muyambe kupanga. Nthawi zotsogola zimapitilira masabata kapena miyezi. Kusasinthasintha kwabwino kumakhala vuto lanu.
Ogula ang'onoang'ono alibe mwayi. E Ink samasamala za oda yanu ya mayunitsi 500. Akugulitsa mapanelo mamiliyoni ku Amazon. Bizinesi yanu imakhala ndi moyo kapena kufa kutengera zisankho zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa makasitomala kuchulukitsa chikwi kukula kwanu.
Gawo la Enterprise/OEM
Pazaka 10,000+ zamayunitsi pachaka, mukuchita mwachindunji ndi oimira malonda a E Ink kapena anzanu ovomerezeka opanga zinthu. Kuyerekeza kwamakampani kukuwonetsa kuti ma OEM akuluakulu amalipira$10–$15 pagawo la mainchesi 6-poyerekeza ndi $30–$60 kwa ogulitsa. Mitengo yamagetsi ndi yeniyeni, ndipo kusiyana kwake ndi kwakukulu.
Amazon, Kobo, Rakuten, ndi mavenda akuluakulu a ESL monga Pricer ndi SES-imagotag amagwira ntchito pagululi. Amakambirana-makontrakitala azaka zambiri, kugawikana kotsimikizika, zochulukira, ndi mitengo yomwe ogula aliyense payekha sangawone. Kusiyana pakati pa mitengo yamalonda ndi kuchuluka kumatha kupitilira 70%.
Maubwenzi amenewa amabweranso ndi udindo: kudzipereka kwa voliyumu, mgwirizano wachitukuko, nthawi zina mazenera aukadaulo watsopano. E Ink ikakhazikitsa kukula kwa gulu latsopano kapena ukadaulo wamtundu, ma OEM akulu nthawi zambiri amapeza mwayi woyamba.
Ngati mukuyesera kuyambitsa kampani ya owerenga e{0}} ndikupikisana ndi mitengo ya Kindle, mvetsetsani kuti simukungopikisana ndi mtundu wa Amazon komanso chilengedwe. Mukupikisana ndi mtengo wawo, womwe mwina ndi wotsika ndi 50-70% kuposa wanu.
Secondary Market
Palinso msika wazithunzi wa e-mapanelo a inki omwe ogula ambiri samawaganiziranso: zosinthidwanso ndi zowonjezera. Zochokera kumaphatikizapo Kindles ndi Kobos zobwezerezedwanso (zowonetsera nthawi zambiri zimakhala kunja kwa zida), makina amalebulo amashelufu amagetsi ochotsedwa (kukweza masitolo ndikutaya zida zakale), zotsalira zantchito zomwe zathetsedwa, ndi kuchuluka kwazinthu zopanga.
Mitengo imayenda30-50% ya mtengo watsopano wagawo. Gulu la mainchesi 6 lomwe limawononga $40 latsopano litha kupezeka pa $15–$20 kuchokera kwa wobwezeretsanso.
Malonda-ndi ofunikira. Palibe chitsimikizo-ngati gululo lili ndi vuto, mumadya zotayika. Zowonongeka zomwe zingatheke-e-mapanelo a inki amatha kupanga mapikseli okhazikika kapena kusiyanitsa kosiyana pakapita nthawi ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mbiri yosadziwika-simudziwa kuchuluka kwa magawo otsitsimutsa omwe gululi lakhala nawo kapena momwe linasungidwira.
Chofunika kwambiri, mapanelo obwezerezedwanso amafunikira kukulitsa koyendetsa. Simukupeza zida zachitukuko zabwinobwino zokhala ndi zolembedwa. Mukupeza gulu lopanda kanthu, mwina lokhala ndi cholumikizira cha riboni, ndipo muyenera kudziwa pinout, ma waveforms, ndikutsatizana koyambira nokha.
Msika uwu ndi woyenera kwa opanga ma hardware odziwa zambiri omwe ali ndi ma oscilloscopes, kuleza mtima, komanso kulolerana pakulephera. Si za anthu okonda zokonda kupanga pulojekiti yawo yoyamba yamapepala ya e{1}}.
Anamaliza Kugulitsa Mitengo
Mapanelo opanda kanthu ndi chinthu chimodzi. Zida zomalizidwa ndizomwe ogula ambiri amagula, ndipo mitengo yake ikuwonetsa zambiri kuposa mtengo wapagulu.
Chida chomalizidwa cha e-reader kapena e{1}}note{1}}chimaphatikizapo-inki panel, komanso: purosesa (yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi ARM-), RAM ndi storage, battery, touch layer (capacitive or electromagnetic), front light system, pulasitiki kapena aluminiyamu enclosure, mabatani ndi ports, software development, regulatory marginataging and regulatory marginataging.
Mtengo wa gululi ukhoza kuyimira20-40% ya bili ya zinthukwa chipangizo cha ogula. Zina zonse zimangowonjezera.
E-Owerenga ($100–$280)
The Kindle Paperwhite ndi Kobo Clara amakhala$ 100- $ 180 osiyanasiyanazowerengera zoyambira 6-inchi e-zowerengera. Zofunika kwambiri{{4}zounikira zotentha, zosungirako zazikulu, zotsekereza madzi-zikankhira kumtunda. Owerenga e-mtundu ngati Mtundu wa Kobo Libra wafika mu$ 200- $ 280 osiyanasiyana, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa Kaleido. The ~$100 premium kuposa ofanana ndi monochrome amawonetsa kukwera mtengo kwa gulu komanso chinthu chachilendo.
Pamitengo imeneyi, e{0}}owerenga afika potsika mtengo kwa owerenga ambiri. A Kindle Paperwhite amawononga ndalama zochepa kuposa mabuku khumi ndi awiri achikuto cholimba. Mtengo wake ndiwodziwikiratu, ngakhale ndi{3}}inki yapamwamba kwambiri kuposa LCD.
E-Zindikirani Matabuleti ($400–$900)
Apa ndipamene mitengo imakwera kwambiri pa -note tablets. The reMarkable 2 imawononga pafupifupi$450. Mndandanda wa Boox Note Air umayenda$400–$500. Zida za Supernote zimakhala ndi gawo lofanana. Pa mainchesi 10.3, izi ndi zida zaukatswiri zomwe zagulitsidwa kuti zizizindikira-otenga, ophunzira, ndi ogwiritsa ntchito abizinesi omwe amafuna mapepala{4}}ngati kulemba.
Malingaliro amtengo wapatali sakuwonekeratu apa. Tabuleti ya $450 e-note imapikisana ndi $329 base iPad yomwe imachita zonse zomwe-note imachita, kuphatikiza mamiliyoni azinthu zina. E-ogula zindikirani akulipirira pepalalo-monga zochitika, zododometsa{8}}malo opanda kanthu, komanso kuchepa kwa maso.
Large-mtundu 13.3-inchi e-notsi kukankhira mu$ 550- $ 800 osiyanasiyana. Mitundu yamitundu-yogwiritsa ntchito Gallery 3-itha kupitilira$900. Pamitengo iyi, mukugula chida chapadera chamayendedwe apadera. Msika ndi wochepa koma wodzipereka.
E-Ma Inki Monitors ($500–$2,500)
E-zoyang'anira inki zikuyimira mtengo wokwezeka kwambiri-ku-kuwerengera mtengo pamsika wonse. 10.3-inch Dasung Paperlike 103 mtengo$500–$800. Ichi ndi chowunikira chachiwiri kukula kwa piritsi lalikulu, loyenera kuwonetsa zikalata kapena zolembera mukamagwira ntchito pazenera loyamba. Zowunikira 13.3-inchi zochokera ku Boox (Mira series) ndi Dasung (HD-FT) run$800–$1,200. Pakukula uku, mutha kuwerenga zonse zolembedwa, kusintha mawu, kapena kusakatula mawebusayiti-ngati mutha kupirira zotsitsimutsa.
Zoyang'anira pakompyuta za 25.3-inch ndizomwe zili pamwamba: Dasung Paperlike 253 pa$2,250, Boox Mira Pro pamitengo yofananira, mitundu yamitundu ikukankhira$2,500.
$2,250 imakugulirani zambiri pamsika wowonetsa. Chowunikira cha 32-inch 4K OLED chotsitsimutsa 120Hz, chithandizo cha HDR, ndi mitundu yambirimbiri: pafupifupi $900. Chowunikira chaukadaulo cha 27-inch chokhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa fakitale: pafupifupi $700. Chowunikira cha 49-inch ultrawide yokhota kumapeto: pafupifupi $800.
Pamtengo wa 25.3-inchi e-choyang'anira inki imodzi, mutha kugula ma OLED awiri aukadaulo ndikukhala ndi ndalama zotsala.
E-zowunikira inki sizipikisana pa mtengo. Sali kupikisana pa mawonekedwe. Akugulitsa kwa ogula omwe ali ndi zosowa zenizeni-zochepetsa kupsinjika kwa maso, mapepala{4}}monga kukongola, kuchotsa glare-omwe alibe njira zina. Opanga amadziwa izi. Mitengo imawonetsa izo.
Mtengo Wobisika Palibe Amene Akukuuzani
Ngati mukupanga chinthu ndi e-inki-osagula chipangizo chomalizidwa, koma kupanga china chatsopano-mtengo wake ndi chiyambi chabe.
Driver Electronics
Mapanelo a inki a Raw-savomereza zolowetsamo za digito. Amafuna ma controller board omwe amatha kupanga mafunde ovuta kwambiri-ma voltages oyendera nthawi yake bwino omwe amasuntha tinthu ta pigment tocharge mkati mwa ma microcapsules. Kuchokera-pa-zowongolera mashelufu zilipo. IT8951 ndiyofala pamapaneli akuluakulu. Owongolera osiyanasiyana ochokera ku Mawonekedwe Abwino ndi Waveshare amanyamula miyeso yaying'ono. Izi zikuwonjezera$10–$50ku bilu yanu yazinthu, kutengera kusanja ndi mawonekedwe. Madalaivala okonda makonda-ngati mukufuna zinthu zinazake, kutsika mtengo wa voliyumu, kapena zinthu zing'onozing'ono-zimawonjezera masabata a nthawi ya injiniya. Mufunika akatswiri a hardware omwe amamvetsetsa{4}}kusintha kwamagetsi, kuletsa nthawi, ndi kasamalidwe ka EMI. ukatswiri umenewu si wamba.
Kukula kwa Waveform
Ndipo pali kusintha kwa mawonekedwe-ili ndi gawo lomwe limapeza anthu. E-zowonetsa inki sizimangoyatsa ndi kuzimitsa ma pixel. Kutsitsimula kulikonse kumaphatikizapo kutsatizana koyendetsedwa bwino kwa ma voltage omwe amayenera kuwerengera ma pixel am'mbuyomu, dziko lomwe mukufuna, kutentha, komanso mtundu womwe mukufuna.
Matebulo oyang'ana ma waveform awa ndi msuzi wachinsinsi wa e-mawonekedwe a inki. Mafunde abwino amatulutsa mawu owoneka bwino okhala ndi mizukwa yochepa. Mawonekedwe oyipa amatulutsa zithunzi zamatope, zowoneka bwino, komanso kuvala kwa pixel msanga.
Kukula kwa Waveform sikunalembedwe.Palibe tsatanetsatane wagulu. Palibe mtundu wokhazikika. Uwu ndi luso loipa lomwe munthu amapeza poyesera ndi zolakwika,{2}}kuika zilembo mwachangu, ndipo nthawi zina kukambirana kodula ndi E Ink kapena anzawo ovomerezeka.
Makampani monga Good Display ndi Waveshare amapereka-mafunde omwe adawunikidwa kale ndi zida zawo zachitukuko. Izi zimagwira ntchito bwino pojambula ndi kupanga -pang'ono pang'ono. Zokhazikitsira mwamakonda-zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapanelo, mitundu yotsitsimutsa bwino-zimafunika mafunde obwerera m'mbuyo kapena kupanga zatsopano kuyambira poyambira.
Bajeti moyenerera.
Touch Integration
Zambiri zama e{0}}zida za inki zimakhala ndi touch input, capacitive (finger touch) kapena electromagnetic (stylus, pogwiritsa ntchito Wacom kapena digitizer tech). Magawo okhudza sakuphatikizidwa pamitengo yoyambira. Ndizigawo zosiyana zomwe ziyenera kulumikizidwa ndi chiwonetsero, kusinthidwa, ndikuphatikizidwa ndi pulogalamu yanu. Kuphatikiza kwa capacitive touch kumawonjezera20–30%ku mtengo wapanel. Gulu la $50 limakhala $60–$65 pokhudza. Kuphatikiza kwa electromagnetic digitizer integration-kumene kumafunika kuti stylus alowe mwatsatanetsatane mu e-note applications-imawonjezera malipiro ofanana, nthawi zina kuposa.
Front Light Systems
E-zowonetsa inki zimanyezimira. Amawoneka okongola mu kuwala kozungulira koma amakhala opanda ntchito mumdima. Zida zambiri za ogula zimaphatikizapo kuyatsa kutsogolo kuti athetse vutoli. Makanema akutsogolo amagwiritsa ntchito m'mphepete-ma LED okhala ndi zowongolera kuti afalitse zowunikira ponseponse. Magetsi opangidwa bwino-akutsogolo sawoneka akazimitsa ndipo amawunikira ngakhale akugwira. Nyali zakutsogolo zomwe sizinapangidwe bwino zimapanga malo owoneka bwino, kuwala kosafanana, komanso kunyezimira kosokoneza. Ma modules akutsogolo amawonjezera$5–$20pagawo lililonse kutengera mtundu ndi mawonekedwe monga kusintha kwa kutentha kwamtundu. Kuphatikiza kwa pulani-kuwonetsetsa kuti ma bond a kalozera wowunikira moyenera kuti awonetsedwe popanda kukhudza mawonekedwe a kuwala-kumafuna mainjiniya owonjezera.
Chiwopsezo cha Supply Chain
Mwina mtengo wobisika kwambiri:single-kudalira kochokera. E Ink Holdings ndiye yekhayo amene amapereka ma electrophoretic displays. Ngati ali ndi vuto la kupanga, muli ndi vuto la kupanga. Ngati mitengo yawo ikuwonjezeka, malire anu amachepa. Ngati kufunikira kwa makasitomala okulirapo (Amazon, ogulitsa akuluakulu a ESL) kuwononga ndalama zomwe zikupezeka, maoda anu amakankhidwira kumbuyo.
Palibe kubwerera. Palibe gwero lachiwiri. Palibenso wothandizira wina yemwe mungayenerere pakagwa vuto.
Makampani anzeru a hardware amapanga maubale ndi othandizira angapo pazinthu zofunika kwambiri. Ndi e-inki, izi sizingatheke. Njira yanu yopezera zinthu ili ndi vuto limodzi, loyendetsedwa ndi kampani yomwe zokonda zake sizingagwirizane ndi zanu.
Zomwe Zimachitika Kenako
Kulosera zam’tsogolo n’koopsa. Kuneneratu za tsogolo la msika wolamulidwa yekha- kuli choncho kawiri. Koma mayendedwe ena amaoneka kukhala otheka.
Pafupifupi-Nthawi (Zaka 1–2)
M'chaka chotsatira kapena ziwiri, mitengo yamagulu idzatsika pang'onopang'ono ngati Kaleido 3 masikelo opanga. Ukadaulowu ndi wokhwima mokwanira kuti upangitse anthu ambiri, ndipo mpikisano pakati pa opanga zida uyenera kupangitsa kuti pakhale kutsika kwamitengo. Mawonekedwe akulu-akupitilira mainchesi 25 adzakwera-ndi kuchuluka kwa voliyumu. Zowunikira 25.3-zikuluzikulu zomwe zikugulitsidwa panopa ndi zopangidwa ndi manja{13}}zopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri. Pamene kupanga kumakhazikika, mitengo imatha kutsika 10-20%. Msika wamashelufu amagetsi akuchulukirachulukira, zomwe zikuchititsa kuti anthu azichuluka-mapanelo a inki. Iyi ndi nkhani yabwino yamtsogolo mwaukadaulo, ngakhale kukula kwa ESL kumapindulitsa kwambiri kupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono m'malo motengera kukula kwa ogula.
Palibe kusokoneza kwakukulu kwamitengo komwe kukuyenera kuyembekezera panthawiyi. Kukhazikika kwa E Ink kumakhalabe kotetezeka. Ndalama zopanga zinthu zimatenga zaka kuti zitheke. Palibe chilichonse chapafupi-chimene chingasokoneze momwe zinthu zilili pano.
Nthawi Yapakati-(Zaka 3–5)
M'chaka chachitatu chotsatira, zovomerezeka zina zowonjezera zidzatha, zomwe zidzatsegula mwayi wopikisana. Sizikudziwika ngati aliyense agwiritse ntchito mwayi umenewu.
Chinese mpikisanoperekani chiwopsezo chenicheni ku ulamuliro wa E Ink. Guangzhou OED yapanga ukadaulo wa electrophoretic kwazaka zambiri popanda kuchita bwino pazamalonda. BOE-yopanga zowonetsera zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi-yaika ndalama muukadaulo wa DES (Digital Electrophoretic System) womwe ungapikisane ndi zoperekedwa ndi E Ink.
Ngati opikisanawa akwanitsa kuchita malonda{{0}akuchuluka ngati-mitengo ingatsike 20–30% pamene opanga zida apeza mwayi wokambirana. Mpikisano sufunika kulanda gawo lalikulu pamsika kuti zikhudze mitengo; kukhalapo kokha kwa njira yodalirika kumasintha zokambilana.
Flexible e{0}}mitengo yamapepala ikuyenera kutsika pamene njira zopangira zikukula. Ma flexible panel pano amalipira ndalama zambiri kuposa magalasi olimba-zowonekera kumbuyo. Malipiro awa akhoza kuchepa ngati masikelo opangira.
Zosintha Zosadziwika
Koma palibe amene anganeneretu:Kodi BOE kapena zimphona zina zowonetsera zidzagulitsa kwambiri ukadaulo wa electrophoretic?BOE ili ndi mphamvu zopangira, talente ya uinjiniya, komanso ndalama zothandizira E Ink mwachindunji. Koma e-pepala ndi msika wawung'ono kwambiri malinga ndi miyezo ya BOE. Msika wokwana $1 biliyoni ndi vuto lalikulu kwa kampani yomwe imakhala ndi $30+ biliyoni pachaka. Njira yoyendetsera ndalama zazikulu sizikudziwika.
Kodi umisiri wina udzapeza phindu pazamalonda?Cholesteric LCD imakhala ndi-pepala{1}}ngati mawonekedwe (bistable, reflective) zomwe zingakhale zotsika mtengo. Zowonetsera zamagetsi zidalonjezedwa zambiri koma zimaperekedwa pang'ono zamalonda. Tekinoloje zatsopano zitha kuwonekera. Kaya iliyonse ingafanane ndi e-kuphatikiza kwa inki{6}}kusiyana, bistability, viewing angle, flexibility-zidakalipobe.
Kodi E Ink idzachepetsa mitengo mwadala kuti ateteze gawo la msika?Omwe amayang'anizana ndi mpikisano womwe ungakhalepo nthawi zina amachepetsa mitengo mwanzeru, kuvomereza malire otsika kuti alepheretse kubizinesi kwa omwe angakhale opikisana nawo. E Inki ikhoza kuchepetsa mitengo 20-30% ndikukhalabe yopindulitsa. Kodi angapereke ndalama zolipirira kuti azilamulira okha? Chisankhocho sichazachuma chabe-chimakhudzanso nthanthi zamasewera, njira zamakampani, komanso kuwunika kwa ziwopsezo zomwe anthu akunja sangawunikire.
Kodi Apple, Samsung, kapena osewera ena akuluakulu adzalowa msika?Kampani yayikulu yazamagetsi yamagetsi yopanga ma e-inki ya inki ikhoza kukonzanso msika wonse. Chidwi cha Apple mu{2}}pepala chakhala mphekesera kwa zaka zambiri popanda chowonetsa. Samsung ili ndi ukadaulo wopanga zowonetsera kuti ipikisane ndi E Ink mwachindunji ngati ilimbikitsidwa. Palibe amene wapanga mayendedwe abwino mbali iyi.
Kuwunika moona mtima: palibe amene akudziwa. Chotsatira chake n'chakuti zisinthe pang'onopang'ono{1}}kutsika pang'onopang'ono mitengo, kukonza zamakono pang'onopang'ono, kukulitsa pang'onopang'ono mapulogalamu{2}}m'malo mosokoneza kwambiri. Koma chisokonezo, ngati chibwera, chikhoza kubwera mofulumira.
E-mitengo yowonetsera inki siyembekezeka popanga zinthu zovuta, mtengo wake, kapena ukatswiri waukadaulo. Zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kapangidwe ka msika.
Kampani imodzi imayang'anira zopereka. Ma Patent amaletsa mpikisano. Msikawu ndi wochepa kwambiri kuti ungakope{2}otsutsa omwe amapeza ndalama zambiri. Mitengo imakhalabe yokwera chifukwa palibe chomwe chimawapangitsa kutsika.
Kwa ogula, izi zimapanga mawerengedwe osavuta:
Pansi pa $50zimakupezerani magawo ang'onoang'ono otukuka-2.9" mpaka 5.8"-a ma prototyping, mapulojekiti a IoT, ndi kuphunzira. Pamitengo iyi, e{6}}inki ndiyotheka kumapulojekiti okonda kusangalala ngakhale ndi mtengo wapatali kuposa LCD. Makhalidwe apadera-pepala{8}}monga maonekedwe, kusinthasintha, kuwerengeka kwa masana-zimapangitsa mtengo wa ntchito zoyenera.
$100–$300imagwira-owerenga ndi ma e{1}}manotsi oyambira. Msika wa 6-inchi e-reader wafika pa kukhwima kwenikweni komanso mitengo yabwino. Ngati mukufuna chida chowerengera chodzipereka, malingaliro amtengo wapatali ndi olimba.
$400–$800amagula ma tabuleti aukadaulo a e-note ndi ma e{1}}mounikira ang'onoang'ono a inki. Mukulipira ndalama zambiri pamapepala-monga kulemba komanso kuchepetsera mavuto a maso-. Izi ndi zida za kagwiridwe ka ntchito, osati-zida zofunikila.
$1,500–$2,500ndi gawo loyang'anira inki yapakompyuta-. Ogula pagululi ali ndi zosowa zapadera-zovuta kwambiri zamaso, zokonda zaluso, ntchito zamaluso zomwe zimafunikira mapepala-monga zowonetsera{4}}ndipo palibe njira zina. Mitengo ikuwonetsa kufunikira kwaukapolo.
$3,000 ndi kupitilira apozikuyimira-mawonekedwe apadera apadera, makina ogwiritsira ntchito makina, ndi mayankho azithunzi za digito. Izi ndi zogula zamabizinesi ndi bajeti zamabizinesi, zomwe zimakambidwa kudzera munjira za B2B.
Mitengoyi si yabwino. Iwo sachita bwino. Sizikuwonetsa mtengo waukadaulo wopangira pamlingo woyenera. Ndiwo mtengo wogula kuchokera kwa ogulitsa okha pamsika pomwe palibe amene wapanga njira ina yotheka.
Funso silakuti ngati e-zowonetsa inki ndizokwera mtengo. Iwo ali, mosakayikira.
Funso ndilakuti ngati pali wina aliyense amene angawononge mphamvu ya E Ink Holdings pa msika umisiriwo usanathe-potsogozedwa ndi ukadaulo wina wamtsogolo womwe umapereka phindu la e{1}}papepala popanda zopinga zake komanso popanda mitengo yake yokha.
